Thursday, March 4, 2010

Notes on the grotesque & body w/o organs

I would like to start off this post saying that I am fluish and bluish, the blue of noon (more literally vomitous, body-bulimic), so I will just write down notes now, I will write down these notes and perhaps they will make sense and perhaps they will not. And they are more questions than notes.

And I am boycotting against putting an image for this post! Not everything can be illustrative!


Did my first real reading for the book. It is striking to be a body with the book. It is quite an experience to read the work, and reading it, realizing how uncomfortable the work made some (or am I projecting?) or people nervously react, they don't know how to react. Which of course pleases me and displeases me at the same time. One of my great idols of performance is Karen Finley, Karen Finley, one of Artaud's sisters, loudmouth on stage with her tit hanging out. I wish I could be so brave. I am not. I am a contained body when I read, although I do channel something, the work was a form of channeling. Of what? I did not realize until I read, how much I am channeling Sylvia Plath's BBC recording of Lady Lazarus. But I do when I read the Maggie sections. I channel her trauma-mama-drama voice. And A. Alvarez in The Savage God writing about how Sylvia would come to visit him when she was writing the frenetic, frantic Ariel poems, and she would kneel before him, insist on reading them herself, these must be read, she said.


I guess I also didn't realize how much I was channeling "Lady Lazarus" the poem when writing the Maggie sections.  There is even a line that echoes "The first time it happened I was ten/It was an accident" that whole series Plath writes of the first time, the second time. And when she writes about the cat and nine lives. I write:


Once Maggie laid down on the tracks but the train didn't come and she got up again. That was Attempt #1.


Maggie-the-Cat has 9 lives she wishes they would hurry it up already and be done with.




Now, Maggie-the-Cat is a reference to Elizabeth Taylor in Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, but the rest is pure photocopy of Plath. It is like that feeling when you open your mouth and your mother's laugh comes out, a parlor trick.


I used to want to be a performance artist. Desperately. Senior year of college, I am depressed, desperately depressed, I don't go to classes, I organize instead a week of experimental performances on campus no one attends except ourselves and we ape the Vienna Actionists and Finley and the rest. I read C.Carr's columns on performance in the Village Voice. I read Artaud. I learn about Karen Finley and Carolee Schneemann. And I take a course on performance of poetry, I am a journalism student, but my best friend is a theater major and all I am interested in is performance, the performance of my self, my drama, my trauma. And I perform "Lady Lazarus". I perform it like I wrote it. I perform it sitting on the floor and I feel others watching me, I feel them be transfixed, I am mesmerized by the words, I feel their power, the intensity of the poem. And did it sink underneath my skin? Did I swallow it? Consume it? To vomit it out later? I do not know.


At the Q&A session after the reading I realized how intuitive my writing of O Fallen Angel was. I was asked about how repetitious it was, its incantations, and I murmured something about Molly Bloom, and about Artaud's Theater of Cruelty and that is all there, yes, and Clytaemnestra's rage and Cassandra's screams, yes. But of course "Lady Lazarus." And "Daddy." To me Plath's most performative poems in Ariel, maybe the most cruel, the most obvious, the most literal, and hence my favorites.  I had not realized how much I glossed from the texts, in my Maggie sections, rage against the family, the patriarch. The work itself which is about two suicides. Even my characters "Mommy" and "Daddy." And the sense of being on exhibition. There is a charge for the eying of my scars. There is a charge for the hearing of my heart. It really goes. Has anything more powerful ever been written than Lady Lazarus? How many of us are still repeating this poem, repeating it, with all of its repetitions?


And I have been thinking about the body in my writing, and the concept of the grotesque, both O Fallen Angel and the work I'm writing now, Under the Shadow, the work I'm writing now so much more ostensibly an homage to Artaud, who I write as Ar-toe in the work. Much more inspired by Brecht's A-effect (which I call Asshole effect in the work,  a joke cracked by Monkey amidst a series of anal rapes). In Monkey's notebook I quote from this Artaud poem, which we can measure against the body cavity search/burlesque in Lady Lazarus, the spectacle of the abject physical female body (the cases might be fucked up as everything is low-case in Monkey's section and I can't bother to look up the proper version):

that I am suffocated;


and I don't know if it is an action;
but by pressing me thus with questions
even to the absence
of the nothingness
of the question
I was pressed
even to the suffocation
within me
of the idea of body
and of being a body,


and it is then that I smelled the obscene


and that I farted
out of folly
and out of excess
and out of the revolt
of my suffocation.


The fact that I was being pressed
right up to my body
and right up to the body


and it is then
that I shattered everything
because my body is never to be touched.



And I now I am thinking of where Artaud meets Ariel, both works of cruelty, of the body, the body being sacrificed, like a Greek tragedy, a spectacle of the self-devouring. And I have been describing my work as a "grotesque homage to Mrs. Dalloway," and now I am considering what that means, the grotesque, also Frances Bacon's grotesque, twisting figures. In Logic of Sense Deleuze linking Artaud to Lewis Caroll, "the grotesque trinity of the child, the poet, and the madman," and Plath has that too, that childlike trauma and repetition-compulsion in Daddy and Lady Lazarus.


And Ross Brighton writes here of Johannes Göransson, bringing in Kristeva's notion of the abject:

The phenomenon of grotesquery as a means of questioning gender norms and identity isn’t confined to women. Johannes Göransson is a male poet working in this field. He relies on the Julia Kristeva’s framework of the Abject, which centres on the othering, fracturing, exploding and mutilating the speaker’s body and consciousness through a regime of continual violence and transgression.


So I want to read more about this, this phenonmenon of grotesquery as a means of questioning gender norms and identity. I find this very interesting. And then also James Pate's brilliant essay on the grotesque and Daniel Borzutsky (who we're publishing at Nightboat, a very radical work dealing with the body and poetry and terrorism, it's fantastic) and Lara Glenum and Ariana Reines' The Cow. Ariana Reines like the lovechild of Artaud and Plath. And then Joyelle McSweeney writing about the abject maternal.

And then Pate writing about the distorted figures of Beckett, linking this to what Deleuze writes about Bacon. And of course since I am selfish and self-involved I am trying to see where I fit into this. As all of my writing is really involved with writing Bacon, trying to write these grotesque twisting writhing figures.



And so what does it mean to write the grotesque? To write the body, all of its fluids, its transgressions. But then I still do not understand where the body without organs fits into all of this. Isn't the body without organs about transcendence? What if you cannot escape the abject female body? Where do Artaud's daughters fit into this? Karen Finley, Carolee Schneemann, Hiromi Ito, Ariana Reines? Plath writing the body as exhibition, as spectacle about to go up in flames. She is Lavinia who refuses to cut off her tongue.Does the abject stand in opposition to Deleuze & Guattari's ideas of the body without organs? I am a theory-body not a theory-head. Any thoughts? I will welcome a reading list, writers that perform these ideas, theory that is about these ideas.

12 comments:

  1. instantly i thought of the word "muselmanner". i don't know if you have an interest in reading the work of writers and poets who became writers and poets as a result of having lived through nazi concentration camps, but abjection is a heavy subject... muselmanner has a variety of definitions but, at it's most basic (as the prisoners of the camps used it) it basically described the state when a man or women had been so degraded, humiliated, traumatized, and tortured that they become a zombie... they express absolutely no concern for their own life or fate and pretty mush just mill around waiting to die. they no longer feel anything. it is a total abjection in which a person experiences no emotion for anything ever any longer. the walking dead. charlotte delbo's (member of the french resistance who survived the camps) volume "Useless Knowledge" and her play "Who Will Carry the Word?", as well as the analysis that surrounds both books is breath-stealing. it deals with how language becomes victimized, so entirely brutalized, that all known modes of communication are completely broken down... a despair inside language itself... language having been so damaged by real life events that word begin to carry the connotations of horror and confusion making communication a re-living of horror... what words begin to mean and how they function after witnessing another human being (vast multitudes of human beings) die writing in the agony and humiliation of dysentary.... how language FAILS but the need to witness persists and the new torture that that conflict presents.

    right now i'm trying to read "of the refrain" by d&g... all about territories, how they are created and expressed and how, at times, the only territory you've got is your own body. but i ain't even half way through it yet so i don't know if it actually fits with what you're exploring.

    also, the artist angelika festa, if you can find anything on her. another performance artist who deals with suspended states of the body, suspended in a state of abjection.

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  2. Angela!

    I am fascinated by the Muselmanner. I am absolutely obsessed with the Holocaust, and have read every book about Auschwitz I can find. (although not who you mention, will order up immediately). In my Book of Mutter I have the refrain: My mother was a Muselmanner, tying cancer and institionalizing treatment with the Holocaust. Which I suppose as well is just a big rip-off of Plath. Also Artaud a Muselmanner in the institution, dying holding his shoe, such a devastating image. The Muselmanner also reminds me so much of Giacometti's statues.

    And the religious significance of the term is so interesting, as it means "Muslim."

    Everything you write about language here is so beautiful.

    Have you read the plays of Sarah Kane?

    Angelika Festa, yes. I studied performance theory in my one year in graduate school and read about Festa in Peggy Phelan's Unmarked, which I was obsessed by. Also reminds me of Stelarc. Literally the Body.

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  3. Also: How have I not read Charlotte Delbo before? You have given me a gift, I think, Angela - thank you. What should I read by her/about her?

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  4. festa is a BADASS!!!! and unmarked is an awesome text! its one that i always find myself craving and crawling back in to.

    charlotte delbo is a MAJOR influence of mine and i feel so lucky to have been exposed to her work. i took a class called "Representing Loss" which is where i met her work.

    definitely get "Aushwitz and After" its a collection of 3 volumes of her poetry. The forward in this book is amazing as well. also, "Who Will Carry the Word?" (a play) which can be found in the collection of four plays called "The Theatre of the Holocaust".

    this is such amazing work that so eloquently and skillful shows how the past can be completely alive inside the present... and that this presence of the past renders even the sweetest memory a nightmare... one you somehow ARE living inside of. it is so powerful that when i got to the end of the poems i actually wrote "there is no way i can just go back to watching TV now". ha! meaning, my view had shifted and that there was no longer a way to proceed as if this text hadn't HAPPENED TO ME.

    i haven't read the plays of sarah kane. thanks! i will look her up!!!

    and once you get in to delbo, please let me know! i'd love to have somebody to discuss her work with. :)

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  5. Angela - Oh my god you will crawl into the plays of Sarah Kane. They are so amazing. Cleansed and Blasted are my favorites. She writes the holocaustal in a way, she writes of terrible pain and suffering and agony, very inspired by the Greeks, Titus Andronicus.

    Okay I'm ordering up from the library all this Delbo. I am nervous/excited.


    Also: Have you read Cathy Caruth's works on trauma? Unclaimed Experience? She writes of the Holocaust, also Marguerite Duras' film Hiroshima mon Amour, this reminds me a lot of what you're speaking to.


    I have loved what you've written about Sylvia Likens, by the way, whose story has blown my fucking mind, as well as your images, what you choose as the subjects of your images. And this Gertude Baniszewski (sp.?) also an example of a violent woman. I just love your images.

    Also, have you done any research on Genie, the feral child? I think you would find her fucking fascinating, especially her relationship with muteness and language. I've also been really interested in Lyndie England, her selective mustism.

    Everything you're into is really destroying me, it's so amazing.

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  6. thank you!!!! i've noticed we've got quite the cast of girls and women in common, and also the (extrememly hard to accurately present or verbalize) need/desire to not only understand trauma but the ways in which trauma manifests, infects, controlls, or erases a human. and this is a great and wonderful and exciting thing to me.

    oh, i'm so glad you read that bit about sylvia likens! her story ripped me apart. i've actually only read her story once. it was the longest record i could find that contained so many scarring details that it took me about a year to get up the nerve to do her portrait. thank you for liking it! and for seeing that her story is important! and genie.... god. everytime another bit of news surfaces about feral children (being made feral by torture and starvation and isolation) my heart breaks and i wanna throw up all over the livingroom. it's good you mention her... she deserves a portrait too. and all this makes me realize i really need to get engaged with duras! i've never read her work! can you believe that! yikes! and lots of people are referrencing her right now... lots of common ideas about art and loss and anger and violence circulating right now and i've been very encouraged by this.

    i think i've read one essay by cathy caruth in school. i'll hunt it down and add her to the reading list. i'm very interested in absence as a subject and also as a sight of trauma... mourning or grieving what one has never had... that this is, too, a mode of erasure or redaction- the act of with-holding or depriving.

    i'm so glad to be having this conversation!!!!!

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  7. Angela - You have to watch Hiroshima mon Amour. That is all. It has to happen.

    For the book I was working on inspired by Elisabeth Fritzl/Elizabeth Smart I also read a lot about feral and savage children. There's a whole section in there about Memmie le Blanc.

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  8. So, I haven't done more than scan certain parts of D&G's Anti-Oedipus, and I can't say much about Body without organs. As for the grotesque and abjection - love love love! Will talk about the two, and their intersections, and their (non)meaning, all day long.

    If you haven't, you should read Bakhtin's "Rabelais and his World," especially the sections on the grotesque body, and carnivalesque language.

    Great informational article by Sue Vice: "Bakhtin and Kristeva: Grotesque Body, Abject Self," in Face to Face: Bakhtin in Russia and the West.

    Mary Russo - The Female Grotesque

    Mary Douglas - Purity and Danger

    Re: Vice
    Vice places carnival and abjection one after the other along a continuum, arguing that the grotesque is always eventually fated to become the abject, and even suggests that Bakhtin himself recognized this predestined evolution of the grotesque: “It seems that the movement from the innocence of the grotesque to the dangerous appeal of the abject is an inevitable one, recognized by Bakhtin himself” (171). Vice ultimately concludes that if we analyze carnival through the optics of abjection (which we should, in her opinion), we are brought face to face not with the celebratory collective but with the abject self, a self that recoils with horror as its primal place of derivation (the maternal) is thrust to the forefront.
    As such, Vice seems to argue two main ideas: one, that abjection is the logical and necessary evolution of grotesque; and two, that abjection is a more plausible, more persuasive, or more responsible theoretical paradigm by which to understand how our various realities are originated and constituted.

    In contrast to Vice, I see the relationship a bit differently (but these are all nascent): I don't think that the grotesque/carnival and abjection should be understood as respective elementary and more advanced versions of the same system, but rather that they represent the affirmative and negative extremes of one semiotic. This does not mean, however, that the negative (Kristevan) version trumps or supercedes the affirmative (Bakhtinian). They are much more interrelated and reciprocal, despite their seemingly polar oppositions, and cannot be placed neatly along a trajectory, one logically following the other.

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  9. wow, this is fantastic advice. thank you. i read bakhtin on rabelais a decade ago for graduate school, and you're right, i should pick it back up. thanks so much for this article too. fantastic. and purity and danger. and the mary russo! this is great.

    very interesting what you have to say about grotesque/abject. one negative, the other positive. hmm.

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  10. One thing that came to mind for me when reading this post was something Isabella Rosselini said in her Fresh Air interview about how she approached her part in Blue Velvet. Specifically that scene near the end where she's completely abject, stumbling through the streets of town completely naked, it's the climactic scene where all the secrets come spilling out in the form of her naked, crying, panicked, abject body. When Teri Gross asked her how she prepared for this scene, Rosselini said in her mind she wanted to make her body look like a piece of meat, not like the body of a human being but literally a piece of meat. And to look at her body posture in that scene, her arms outspread panicked Christlike, and her face totally devoid of personhood, I have to say she succeeded. Ties in with the Bacon for sure, the body w/out organs b/c it's just a slab of meat, and is that kind of bodily abjection also at the same time erotic transcendence?

    In that same interview, Rosselini kind of let it slip out that she'd been raped when she was younger. It was a true slip, she hadn't been planning to reveal this fact, and when Gross tried to get her to talk more about it she got uncomfortable and glossed over it and the interview moved on...

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  11. Roz - this is totally amazing, and totally helpful to me. I love Blue Velvet, and Isabella Rosselini in it is so so pivotal for me. Yes this perfect portrait of the abject. "you put your disease in me, you make me strong." In an essay I'm writing on the abject I totally need to use these ideas, if that's okay.

    Am meditating on female subjectivity and mysticism, and how this is related to trauma yet also transcendence. Perhaps so much of desire comes out of trauma, how we rework our trauma, our desires to be shattered because we ourselves are broken.The rape of Rosselini reminds me of Margaret Mitchel writing the ravishment scene in Gone with the Wind based on her own domestic violence.

    Thank you, thank you for this.

    (could you email me your full name? actually if I do write about this for the book I would like to cite you. I won't use your language of course. But Blue Velvet to me is such a film of abjection, and you have phrased it in such a wonderful way.)

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  12. Hi Kate,

    Rosemarie Ito, on paper. Roz, in life & commentbox. Nice to meet you! And thanks for asking and thinking about me.

    Feel free to sculpt & remix any of these ideas however you like. I'm loving the collaborative, interactive quality of your public blog/notebook. Lots of these things have been swirling around in my head for so many years, and it feels incredible to actually be able to talk about them with people, in such a generative, attentive way, without worrying that people will think I'm morbid, weird, whatever.

    Can't wait for your Semiotext(e) book!

    That's incredible about Mitchell drawing on her domestic violence exp. while writing Gone With the Wind. And harrowing. Yes, reworking the trauma, transforming it somehow into art, which can be empowering in the amoral sense, whereas the trauma is disempowering in the moral sense. But then the disempowerment gets reversed after survival/recovery.

    Thinking more about Rosselini's character, and what someone said in an earlier commentbox about masculine violence manifesting externally, female violence internally (e.g., self-mutilation, suicide), and then about abjection & masochism, I started asking myself, was Rosselini in BV expressing violence by accepting/inviting violence upon her body? Then I thought no, this is a different thing from the female suicide/murderer, this is more of an abjection thing, like she's using her body like storage, like a container to receive and store all the violence and anger and shame and passion in the world, she stores and in a way caretakes for all these things, like a custodian, shielding the outside world from the sight of them. And that moment when she breaks loose into the streets is both a moment of ultimate abjection, obliteration of self, and also of ultimate declaration, where her body declares itself to the world as a custodial body and says this is enough, I'm finished, somebody else needs to help me support all this shit.

    Something else that comes to mind re: abjection is the Armin Meiwes sex cannibal case. The abjection of the "victim" Bernd Juergen Brandes who, as far as the evidence shows, volunteered to be slaughtered and eaten, allowed his own penis to be cut off while alive and flambeed and eaten. Another way to become a body w/o organs, via the appetizer course!

    Haha maybe you should suggest this to the jerk-off commenter guy on HTML Giant!

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